Fungal infections of nail plate are approximately half of all nail diseases and are quite common in modern society.
In most cases, onychomycosis affects nail plates on the legs, so the disease is not immediately noticed, but in the stage of pronounced symptoms.This is an infectious disease that can manifest not only with a cosmetic defect, but also by a violation of the immune system and even the digestive tract.The fungus of the nails cannot be underestimated, its treatment must be appropriate under the control of an experienced doctor.
Causes of fungi infection
The cause of nail plate infection is usually three types of fungi: dermatophytes, fungi and molds similar to yeast.Most of the time in the moderate climate, onychomycosis is caused by the fungal microorganisms of Trichophyton Rubrum (Trichophyte Red) - is 70% of cases of Trichophyton fungi and mintagrophites (Trichophyton of the Inter -Down) - 20% of the diagnosis.
It can be infected with onychomycosis in places as common as a pool, a sauna, a bath house, when wears socks of other people and even in a pedicure session.
In addition, some people are predisposed to this disease due to various diseases.Among such pathologies, immunosuppressive states are distinguished associated with HIV infection or chronic treatment with immunosuppressants after organ transplantation, or with some autoimmune diseases.
Despite the fact that unrelated onychomycosis is an infectious disease, most patients do not recognize their changes in pathological nails, therefore, they generally resort to medical help in advanced cases.And, by the way, ignoring the disease can lead to the loss of nail infection and propagation of neighboring skin.
How the disease manifests
Most of the time, the infection develops in the first and/or fifth toe (if the changes affect all nails, this is usually a symptom of another disease, for example, psoriasis).At first, the changes affect the edge of the nail, change the natural color to yellowish brown.After the nail plate, it becomes fragile and fragile, over time it changes its shape and thickens.
The most characteristic symptoms of fungal nail infection include:
- change in the color of the nail to yellow, brown, white or black;
- Thickening of the nail plate and the development of its greater fragility;
- plate deformation and its separation from the nail bed;
- неприimoяый запах, иодgunщ о о инфированного ногтes;
- бразование ваалитеь soon
In the late stage of the disease, the pain pronounced in the nail can develop and even difficulty walking.
Prevention and treatment of nail fungus
Onicycosis should be treated as soon as possible, because the infection tends to extend to other nails.In addition, the disease in the late stage leads to the destruction of the entire nail plate, which will then be removed.
Before prescribing the treatment, the doctor will certainly prescribe a laboratory analysis, which will determine the type of fungus, the degree of damage and choose the most effective treatment.The analysis includes the capture of the affected nail plate material and its research under the microscope.
How is the treatment of onychomycosis?The method and duration of infection therapy depend on many factors, including the severity of nail injuries, the type of pathogen and related pathologies.
The treatment of fungal nail infection generally begins with the use of local medicines in the form of varnishes, lotions or creams that face the disease in the early stages.If the changes affect more than one plaque, they occur for a long time, local medications are complemented with antimicotic agents for oral administration.Врач мет назначить препараты на онове итраконазо reason
In the case in which onychomycosis is persistent, does not undergo recurrent pharmacological or constant treatment, the doctor recommends deleting infected nail plate, thus eliminating the source of infection.
Keep in mind that onychomycosis is an infectious disease prone to frequent relapses, so it should adhere to important preventive rules:
- не ходи gift
- Make pedicures in halls with disinfection of high quality equipment;
- monitor shoes cleaning;
- Wash your feet regularly;
- реагирова sets нр р р р.
Attention!The source of reinfection of fungal infection is shoes, so it is recommended to throw it or disinfect it with special means that the doctor will talk.